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Conceptual Chemistry, 5e (Suchocki)
Chapter 2
Particles of Matter
2.1 The Submicroscopic World Is Super-Small
1)
A biological cell is best described as ________.
A)
macroscopic
B)
microscopic
C)
submicroscopic
D)
nanoscopic
Answer: B
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.1
2)
How would you describe the size of the following object?
a blood cell
A)
microscopic
B)
macroscopic
C)
submicroscopic
D)
all of the above
E)
none of the above
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.1
3)
How would you describe the volume of the following object?
the amount of
water in a swimming pool
A)
microscopic
B)
macroscopic
C)
submicroscopic
D)
all of the above
E)
none of the above
Answer: B
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.1
4)
A TV screen looked at from a distance appears as a smooth continuous flow of
images. Up close, however, we see this is an illusion. What really exists are a
series of tiny dots (pixels). This is similar to a chemist's view of matter in
that ________.
A)
the fundamental particles of matter can also be seen when looked at closely
with a magnifying glass
B)
on the submicroscopic level, chemist's find that matter is made of extremely
small particles, such as atoms and molecules.
C)
anything that a chemist can see, touch, hear, smell, or taste is an illusion
D)
elements are made up of only three basic types of matter
Answer: B
Diff:
2
Learning Obj: 2.1
5)
Red colored Kool-Aid crystals are added to a still glass of hot water. The same
amount of crystals are added to a second still glass filled with the same
amount of cold water. With no stirring, which of the following would occur?
A)
Without stirring, both glasses will reach uniform color in the same amount of
time since they both contain identical amounts of water.
B)
The glass of cold water will reach a uniform red color first since there are no
heat convection currents to impede the distribution of the dye.
C)
The glass of hot water will reach a uniform red color first since the higher
kinetic energy provides for faster moving molecules to more quickly distribute
the dye.
D)
The Kool-aid crystals will never dissolve in either glass until the glasses are
stirred.
Answer: C
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.1
6)
The same amount of red colored Kool-Aid crystals are added to a still glass of
thick sugar water and a still glass of distilled water. Both are the same
temperature. Neither is stirred. Which
should become uniform in color first?
A)
The glass of distilled water should become uniform in color first.
B)
The glass of thick sugar water should become uniform in color first.
C)
Both glasses will become uniform in color at exactly the same time.
D)
Without stirring, it is unlikely that either glass will ever become uniform in
color.
Answer: A
Diff:
3
Learning
Obj: 2.1
7)
You take 50 mL of small BB's and combine them with 
of large BB's and you get a total of 90 mL of
BB's of mixed size. Which of the
following statements best explains this?
of large BB's and you get a total of 90 mL of
BB's of mixed size. Which of the
following statements best explains this?
A)
Since the density of the small BB's is less than that of the large BB's their
volumes do not add directly to one another.
B)
This is not possible since the Law of Conservation of Volume would be violated.
C)
The total volume actually gets larger since mixing the BB's would leave
additional air space because of the difference in size of the two BB sets.
D)
Many of the smaller BB's are able to fit within the pockets of space that were
empty within the 
of large BB's.
of large BB's.
Answer: D
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.1
8)
In what sense can you truthfully say that you are a part of every person around
you?
A)
We all live on the same planet and share the same resources.
B)
We are continually exchanging our atoms.
C)
We all share the same genetic code.
D)
There are more people alive now than have ever lived.
Answer: B
Diff:
2
Learning Obj: 2.1
9)
Considering how small atoms are, what are the chances that at least one of the
atoms exhaled in your first breath will be in your last breath?
A)
not very likely because atoms are constantly dematerializing
B)
not possible at all because atom don't last that long
C)
very probable because of how incredibly small atoms are
D)
There's not really a way that scientists are able to make such an estimate.
Answer: C
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.1
2.2 Discovering the Atom
1)
According to John Dalton, atoms of a given element ________.
A)
are identical
B)
have different masses
C)
are divisible
D)
have the same shape
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.2
2)
Aristotle described the composition and behavior of matter ________.
A)
in terms of the 4 qualities of hot, cold, moist and dry
B)
as the elements of fire, water, air and earth
C)
as materials that are unchanging
D)
as states of perception
Answer: A
Diff:
1
3)
According to Aristotle's hypothesis about matter, wet clay is converted to
ceramic because ________.
A)
heat drives out the coolness of earth
B)
dry air replaces moist air
C)
fire replaces the moist element with the dry element
D)
dry quality is replaced with moist quality
Answer: C
Diff:
1
4)
Alchemist of the Middle Ages believed that ________.
A)
atoms are the basis of matter
B)
materials can be altered to produce new molecules
C)
a substance can be transformed into gold by altering its basic qualities
D)
iron is strong and springy because its atoms are shaped like coils
Answer: C
Diff: 1
5)
Based on the Law of Mass Conservation, Lavoisier hypothesized that ________.
A)
an element is made of a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into
anything else
B)
matter can lose or gain mass as hot, dry, cold or moist qualities change
C)
an element is a combination of substances
D)
water is a fundamental element
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.2
6)
Based on experimental evidence, John Dalton postulated that ________.
A)
each element consists of indivisible, minute particles called atoms
B)
atoms can be created and destroyed in chemical reactions
C)
not all atoms of a given element are identical
D)
atoms of different elements have the same masses
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.2
7)
Dalton's atomic model gained credibility because ________.
A)
atoms are too small to be seen, so no one could prove him wrong
B)
the model worked to explain much about known chemical reactions
C)
people could make gold from common metals
D)
he was elected into the Royal Society
Answer: B
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.2
8)
Dmitri Mendeleev's chart of elements ________.
A)
was used as a calendar
B)
placed elements together with similar properties
C)
shifted the elements to fill in the gaps
D)
had many defects because of unknown elements
Answer: B
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.2
9)
Dmitri Mendeleev ________.
A)
predicted the existence of elements not yet discovered
B)
developed the basis of our modern periodic table
C)
helped in the discovery of missing elements by predicting their behavior
D)
all of the above
Answer: D
Diff:
1
Learning Obj: 2.2
10)
How does Aristotle's model of matter explain how a puddle of water disappears
to dryness on a sunny day?
A)
Aristotle's model explains that water becomes dry when it comes into contact
with Earth.
B)
Aristotle's model explains that moisture combines with heat to form air.
C)
Aristotle's model explains that the sun directs Earth to absorb the puddle of
water.
D)
Aristotle's model has no explanation of how a puddle of water disappears to
dryness on a sunny day.
Answer: B
Diff:
1
11)
How does Aristotle's model of matter explain why the air over a flame is always
moist?
A)
Aristotle's model of matter explains that moisture in the air draws heat out of
the flame.
B)
Aristotle's model of matter explains that moisture counters heat since water
counters fire.
C)
Aristotle's model of matter would explain quite the opposite and predict the
air above the flame would become dry.
D)
Aristotle's model does not deal with the concept of air over a flame.
Answer: C
Diff:
2
12)
When a concentrated acid and fresh water, both at room temperature, are mixed
together the result is a solution that is very hot. How does Aristotle's model
of matter explain this?
A)
Aristotle's model says that two forms of "water" always combine to
produce heat.
B)
That two forms of "water" could combine to produce heat is counter to
Aristotle's model of matter.
C)
Aristotle's model says that heat is produced ONLY if the water is added to the
acid.
D)
Aristotle's model says that heat is produced ONLY if the acid is added to the
water.
Answer: B
Diff:
3
13)
The scanning probe microscope creates images of atoms by ________.
A)
passing an electric current between the tip of an ultrathin needle and some
conducting surface
B)
measuring the up and down motions of an ultrathin needle
C)
processing a series of numbers into a computer generated image of atoms
D)
all of the above
Answer: D
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.2
14)
Why is it not possible for the scanning probe microscope (SPM) to make images
of the inside of an atom?
A)
The most representative "image" of the inside of the atom would be a
picture of empty space.
B)
The SPM works by passing a current across a tiny gap between the tip of an
ultrathin needle and the surface being studied. No gap, no image.
C)
The SPM ultrathin needle itself is made of atoms and so is not tiny enough to
pierce through an atom much like a sewing needle can pierce into a Ping-Pong
ball.
D)
All of the above are reasonable answers.
Answer: D
Diff:
1
Learning Obj: 2.2
2.3 Mass Is How Much and Volume Is How Spacious
1)
Your weight is always ________.
A)
greater than your mass
B)
equal to your mass
C)
less than your mass
D)
not the same thing as your mass
Answer: D
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
2)
Which of the following does not describe mass?
A)
how much space an object occupies
B)
kilograms
C)
how much matter is in a given object
D)
the amount of inertia in a given object
E)
grams
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.3
3)
Which of the following represents the largest quantity of mass?
A)
24 grams
B)
24 milligrams
C)
24 kilograms
D)
24 micrograms
E)
24 nanograms
Answer: C
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.3
4)
Which of the following does not describe volume?
A)
the weight of a given object
B)
liters
C)
the amount of space a material occupies
D)
a box 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm
E)
milliliters
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.3
5)
Which of the following is not a measurement of volume?
A)
0.156 liter
B)
22.02 milliliters
C)
10.0 cubic centimeters
D)
842 cubic meters
E)
5.5 milligrams
Answer: E
Diff:
1
Learning Obj: 2.3
6)
The gravity of the moon is 1/6 that of Earth's. If your mass is 65 kilograms on
Earth, what is your mass on the moon?
A)
65 kg
B)
10.8 kg
C)
390 kg
D)
39.0 kg
E)
6.5 kg
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
7)
What is the difference between mass and weight?
A)
Weight is the observed effect of gravity on mass.
B)
Mass is how much; weight is how much space.
C)
Weight is how much; mass is how much space.
D)
Weight and mass are the same everywhere.
E)
Mass is the observed effect of inertia on weight.
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
8)
Which of the following is the largest quantity of mass?
A)
100 kg
B)
100,000 g
C)
100,000,000 mg
D)
All of the masses are the same.
Answer: D
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
9)
Which of the following is not a volume measurement?
A)
0.156 liter
B)
22.02 milliliters
C)
10.0 cubic centimeters
D)
842 cubic meters
E)
5.5 milligrams
Answer: E
Diff:
1
Learning Obj: 2.3
10)
A little girl sits in a car at a traffic light holding a helium-filled balloon
as shown in the illustration below. The windows are closed and the car is
relatively airtight. When the light turns green and the car accelerates
forward, her head pitches backward but the balloon pitches forward. Why?
A)
This demonstration will only work with a helium filled mylar balloon since the
mylar is unaffected by the motion of the air moving backwards inside the car.
B)
Since helium is lighter than air, it will follow the path of the car and not
the direction of movement of the air within it.
C)
Since the car is relatively airtight and the balloon is not anchored to the car,
the balloon will be unaffected by the acceleration of the car.
D)
The air inside the car has more inertia than the helium in the helium balloon.
Therefore, although the air pitches backwards, the lighter helium moves
forward.
Answer: D
Diff:
3
11)
What physical quantities discussed in this chapter change most when a junked
car is neatly crushed into a compact cube?
A)
The car's weight and volume change, but not its mass.
B)
The volume of the car changes as well as its average density.
C)
The car's temperature changes, but not its average density.
D)
The mass of the car changes as well as its volume.
Answer: B
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
12)
Which would you rather have: a decigram or a kilogram of gold?
A)
a decigram of gold because this is 100 times as much as a kilogram of gold
B)
a decigram of gold because this is 1000 times as much as a kilogram of gold
C)
a kilogram of gold because this is 1000 times as much as a decigram of gold
D)
a kilogram of gold because this is 10,000 times as much as a decigram of gold
Answer: D
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
13)
Can an object have mass without having weight? Can it have weight without
having mass?
A)
yes and yes
B)
yes and no
C)
no and yes
D)
no and no
Answer: B
Diff:
1
Learning Obj: 2.3
14)
Why do we use different units for mass and weight?
A)
They are two different quantities.
B)
Mass is metric and weight is U.S Customary Standard.
C)
Weight is metric and mass is U.S Customary Standard.
D)
Weight is how heavy something is and mass is how much space it takes up.
E)
Actually, mass and weight share the same units.
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.3
15)
Gravity on the moon is only 1/6 as strong as gravity on the earth. What is the
mass of a 10 kg object on the moon and on the earth?
A)
A 10 kg object weighs 10 kg on Earth and 10/6 = 1.67 kg on the moon.
B)
The mass of an object is indirectly proportional to the mass of the planet on
which it is located. Therefore, a 10 kg object weighs 10/6 = 1.67 kg on Earth
and 10 kg on the moon.
C)
The mass of a 10 kg object anywhere is 10 kg.
D)
The mass of a 10 kg object on Earth is 22 pounds, while on the moon it is 3.7
pounds.
E)
The 10 kg object weighs 60 kg on the moon.
Answer: C
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
16)
Does a 2 kg solid iron brick have twice as much mass as a 1 kg solid block of
wood? Twice as much volume?
A)
The iron brick has twice the mass as well as twice the volume.
B)
The iron brick has twice the mass, but only half the volume.
C)
The iron brick has twice the mass, but its volume compared to the block of wood
depends on the density of the wood.
D)
The iron brick has twice the mass, but its volume compared to the block of wood
depends on the weight of the wood.
Answer: C
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.3
17)
What is the mass in kilograms of a 130-pound human standing on planet Earth?
A)
about 290 kg
B)
about 59 kg
C)
about 130 kg
D)
about 22 kg
Answer: B
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.3
18)
What is the mass in kilograms of a human weighing 130-pounds on the moon?
A)
about 350 kg
B)
about 48 kg
C)
about 22 kg
D)
about 130 kg
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning Obj: 2.3
19)
How many milliliters of air are there in a hole measuring 5 L?
A)
5000 mL
B)
200 mL
C)
5 mL
D)
There are no milliliters of air in this hole.
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.3
2.4 Density Is the Ratio of Mass to Volume
1)
With increasing temperature the density of air ________.
A)
increases
B)
decreases
C)
stays the same
D)
depends also on pressure
Answer: D
Diff:
3
Learning
Obj: 2.4
2)
Which of the following units of measurement could be used to describe density?
A)
kilograms per liter
B)
miles per hour
C)
grams per kilogram
D)
feet per gram
E)
milliliters per gram
Answer: A
Diff:
1
Learning
Obj: 2.4
3)
If the density of a block of ice is 0.92 g/mL, what is the volume of 100. g of
ice?
A)
109 mL
B)
92.0 mL
C)
0.920 mL
D)
10.9 mL
E)
0.109 mL
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.4
4)
If the density of mercury is 13.6 g/mL and the density of lead is 11.3 g/mL,
which has the larger volume: 1 g of mercury or 1 g of lead?
A)
lead
B)
mercury
C)
Volume and mass are not related.
D)
Both have the same volume.
E)
none of the above
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning Obj: 2.4
5)
Which of the following has the largest density?
A)
a 10-g object with a volume of 1 mL
B)
a 1-g object with a volume of 10 mL
C)
a 200-g object with a volume of 200 mL
D)
a 10-g object with a volume of 10 mL
E)
All of the densities are the same.
Answer: A
Diff:
2
Learning
Obj: 2.4
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